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Title:
A Revised Analysis of Upper Bounds for the First Zagreb Index: Addressing Errors in Multiple Papers
Authors:
Volume
95
Issue
3
Year
2026
Pages
847-868
Abstract

This commentary addresses some minor errors in the literature concerning the upper bounds of the first Zagreb index, both related to the necessary and sufficient conditions for equality in the associated inequalities. To resolve these issues, we provide corrected derivations and clarify their implications for the validity of the bounds. Furthermore, we conduct a review of recent papers that have incorrectly applied these inequalities, identifying common misuses and providing revised conclusions to ensure accuracy. Additionally, to ensure completeness and accessibility, we present more concise and elementary proofs of the underlying inequalities, which simplifies the original approach.